Genal Comb = Row of enlarged spines,
along the ventral edge
of the head.

Pronotal Comb = Row of enlarged spines,
along the posterior edge
of the 1st thoracic segment.

Ocular Bristle = Thickened setae that is
closely associated with the eye.

Head Shape = The shape of the flea's head is
an important identification character.

Mesopleural Rod = Thickening of
the ventral cuticle of the
middle thoracic segment and is
an important identification character.